欧盟评估一种蛋白质-谷氨酰胺γ-谷氨酰转移酶的安全性

 

　　据了解，这种食品酶是由非转基因茂原链霉菌菌株M2020197生产的，旨在用于八种食品生产过程:加工谷物和其他谷物以生产焙烤产品，非焙烤的谷物基产品；加工乳制品以生产发酵乳制品、奶酪、乳制品甜点；加工植物和真菌衍生产品以生产人造肉，基于植物的牛奶和奶制品类似物；加工肉类和鱼类产品以生产改良的肉类和鱼类产品。

 

　　经过评估，专家小组认为，在预期的使用条件下，不能排除通过饮食接触引起过敏反应的风险，但这种情况发生的可能性很低。根据所提供的数据，小组得出结论，该食品酶在预期的使用条件下不被认为是安全的。部分原文报道如下：

 

　　The food enzyme protein–glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase (protein–glutamine: amine γ-glutamyltransferase; EC 2.3.2.13) is produced with the non-genetically modified Streptomyces mobaraensis strain M2020197 by Taixing Dongsheng Bio-Tech Co. Ltd. The identity of the production strain and the absence of viable cells could not be established. The food enzyme is intended to be used in eight food manufacturing processes: processing of cereals and other grains for the production of (1) baked products, (2) cereal-based products other than baked; processing of dairy products for the production of (3) fermented dairy products, (4) cheese, (5) dairy desserts; processing of plant- and fungal-derived products for the production of (6) meat analogues, (7) plant-based analogues of milk and milk products; processing of meat and fish products for the production of (8) modified meat and fish products. Dietary exposure to the food enzyme–total organic solids (TOS) was estimated to be up to 3.498 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day in European populations. Genotoxicity tests did not indicate a safety concern. The systemic toxicity was assessed by a repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study in rats. The Panel identified a no observed adverse effect level of 91 mg TOS/kg bw per day. The calculated margin of exposure for each age group was 36 (infants), 26 (toddlers), 50 (children), 99 (adolescents), 115 (adults) and 133 (the elderly). A search for the similarity of the amino acid sequence of the food enzyme to known allergens was made and no match was found. The Panel considered that a risk of allergic reactions upon dietary exposure to this food enzyme cannot be excluded, but the likelihood is low. The safety of the food enzyme could not be established given the derived margins of exposure. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the food enzyme could not be considered safe under the intended conditions of use.

 

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